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No. 541,646. Patented June 25, 1895.

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NORRIS PEYERS CO. Pfi QTOJ-IINKL. WASNINUTON Q C yzw/yw UNt'rED STATESATENT Fries.

WILLIAM IVEAVE R, OF NORWALK, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO WEAVER JACQUARDAND ELECTRIC SHUTTLE, COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

JACQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,646, dated June 25,1895.

Application filed January 22, 1395. Serial No. 535,809. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LWILLIAMWEAVE a, a oi tizen of the United States,residing at Norwalk, county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvementsin Jacquard MechanismforLooms; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art [0 to which it appertainsto make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improvement in Jacquard mechanism forlooms.

It has for its object to provide mechanism of the character described,which may be applied to any ordinarily constructed loom, and by the useof which a double-faced fabric may be woven, the pattern on each sidebeing either identical or totally different in design.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, andin which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figurel is a side elevation, certain parts being broken away and others insec- .tion, illustrating the position of the parts when thelifting anddepressing board is in its normal position. Fig. 2 is a frontelevationof the invention, portions of the pattern and pattern-cylinderbeing broken away to illustrate c the positions of the needlesinrelation thereto.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line to a: ofFig. 2,the lifting and depressing board being shown in its elevated position.

Fig. 4. is a detail perspective View, parts being broken away,illustrating the construction of the shifting needles and liftinganddepressing board and their relative arrangement with respect to eachother. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken longitudinally throughone of the shifting needles and transversely through thelifting anddepressing board,illustrating more particularly the positions of thewarp-supporting cords and'shifting needles "with respect to thepattern-roll just previous 5 to the elevation or depression of the firstcord of the series. In this figure parts of the needles andpattern-cylinder are broken away.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the position of the second cord justprevious to its elevation or depression by the lifting or depressingboard. Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the position of the third cordjust previous to being elevated or depressed bythe lifting or depressingboard. Fig. 8 is a similar view illustrating the position 'of the fourthwarp-supporting cord previous to its being elevated or depressed by thelifting or depressing board. Fig. 9 is a similar view showing theposition of the fifth cord just previous to its elevation or depressionby the lifting or depressing board. Fig. 10 is a detail sectional viewof the pattern cylinder, portions being broken away. Fig. 11 is a detailView of the supporting-frame of the lifting and depressing board,showing more particularly the construction of the cam-groove therein.Fig. 12 is a similar view of the mechanism for rotating thepattern-cylinderand for reciprocating the needies; and Fig. 13 is adetail vertical sectional view of the mechanism shown in the twopreceding figures, illustrating the relative arrangement of saidmechanisms.

I am aware that, heretofore,Jacquard mechanism has been devised forweaving doublefaced fabric, the patterns on both sides being 7 identicalin design, but different in color. This may be accomplished by the useof my invention, but in addition to this, a doublefaced fabric may bewoven with my machine, the patterns on the two faces of which are Soentirely distinct as to design, the same number of colors being used ineach pattern, or each pattern may be woven of different colors.

With these ends in view my invention consists of a combined lifting anddepressing board designed to be alternately reeiprocated above and belowits normal position,to lowerand elevate the warp-supporting cordsrespectively. It further consists of a series of needles which engageand are regulated in their movements by pattern devices, forantomatically determining the proper warp supporting cords to beelevated and lowered; and finally it consists in the novel constructionand arrangement of the parts, asclaimed, for accomplishing the objectsof the invention.

In the accompanying drawings: A represents the frame adapted to besecured upon or adjacent to any ordinary loom, (not shown). B is avertically reciprocating lifting and too depressing board guided in itsmovements by means of projection 1 which engage vertical slots 2 in eachside of the frame A. Connected to the lifting board, on opposite sides,thereof, are lifting frames 3, which project vertically downwardtherefrom and are provided in their lower ends with cam grooves 4. Thesegrooves are engaged by studs 5 on the faces of gears 6, said gears beingkeyed upon a shaft 7 which is in turn supported in frame A. Motion isimparted to the gears 6 by means of an intermeshing gear 8 supportedupon the end of a vertical shaft 9 which is connected at its lower endto suitable driving mechanism (not shown) The lifting frames are guidedin their reciprocating movement by means of lugs 10 which engage slots12 of the frame A; As the gears 6 are revolved the studs 5 travel in thecam grooves 4 and lift the frame 3, which in turn lift the lifting anddepressing board B above its normal position where it is allowed todwell asufficient length of time to permit a thread carrier to be thrown.through the shed which has just been opened above the upper face of thefabric by the upward movement of the lifting and depressing board. Afterthis operation has taken place the lifting and depressing board islowered to its normal position and dwells there while thewarp-supporting cords are being shifted,

by. their shifting mechanism, hereinafter described. The lifting anddepressing board is then lowered below its normal position and permittedto dwell at the terminal of said movement sufficiently long to permit athread carrier being thrown through the shed which has just been openedbelow the lower face of the fabric by the downward movemcn'tof thelifting and depressing board. The said board is then returned to itsnormal position and held thereduring the shifting of the warp supportingcords previous to their being again lifted by the upward mo-vementof thelifting and depressing board.

The lifting and depressing board B is provided with a transverse seriesof slots 13,14, 15,

and 16, which differ both in width and length. I

The series of slots are duplicated across the lifting anddepressingboard to correspond to the number of spaces in the reed of theloom. (Not shown.) The slots 13, 14, 15, and 16 are each formed withenlargements 8 and with narrower portions 8 which merge with saidenlarged portions to form a continuous and unobstructed passage betweenthem. The slots 13 are each formed with three enlargements 8, spacedapart, and connected together to form acontinuousand unobstructedpassage from one to the other, by two nar-. Theslots 14 consist of tworower portions 8 enlargements 8, connected by a narrower portion orbearing 8 formed intermediate of said enlargements. The slots 15 are ofthesame shape as the slots l-i but longer. The slots 16 are formed withan enlargement 8., and a narrower portion or bearing 8 merging into saidenlargement. These slots 13, 14,

15and16forminga seriesare arranged transverselyacross thelifting anddepressing board in line with one another.

Arranged below and parallel to the lifting and depressing board is aseries of slotted shifting needles 0, one needle being provided for eachseries of slots 13, 14, 15 and 16. These needles are'supported neartheir front and rear ends in the frame A, and are adapted to moveindependently toward a pattern cylinder D journaled in the frame A. Thispattern cylinder D is provided in its face with annular. series ofrecesses 17, each recess being of the same diameter and depth. One ofthese annular series of recesses is provided for each shifting needle C,and each recess of a series is designed to be successively brought intoalignment with the point of its needle. In order to vary the extent ofthe forward movement of the needles 0, the recesses 17 are each providedwith a flat-headed screw 18, the head of which is of the same diameteras the recesses 17. The shank of said screw is adapted to be screwedinto the bottom of said recesses, and accordingly as the head of thescrew 18 is near the top or bottom of its recess, is the extent of theforward movement of the needle lessened or increased. As the recesses 17are brought into alignment with the points of the shifting needles 0said needles are caused to pass into said recesses. The extent to whichthe shifting needles 0 are permitted to engage said recesses 17determines the extent of the forward movement of the needles and thelength of this forward movement determines the colors or characters, ofthe warp threads to be next raised or lowered by the lifting anddepressing board B, as will appear farther on.

It will be apparent that as only one pattern cylinder is used in thepresent invention the recesses i-nsaid cylinder must of necessity bearranged to regulate the movement of the shifting needles 0 so as toform the different patterns on the opposite faces of the fabric.Accordingly the recesses 17 which are arranged in series around thecircumference of the pattern cylinder form also transverse series acrosssaid pattern cylinder, the depths of one transverse series beingarranged to form the pattern on the upper face of the fabric and thedepths of the next series being arranged to form the pattern on thelower face of said fabric and so on, recesses of the proper depths toform the two patterns being arranged across the pattern cylinder inalternate transverse series.

The recesses 17 are thickly distributed over they are assembled it isnecessary to form" them of very'thin'material and asthe nee dles in somecases move several inches there would be extreme liability of theirbecoming bent or broken when they are projected into engagement withthepattern cylinder, unless some means to guide them andprevent lateralmovement were provided. In order to the pattern cylinder with therecesses 17, -1'

am enabled to adjust the cylinder much nearer the ends of the shiftingneedles than if the screws were arranged on the periphery of thecylinder.

pattern cylinder 1), and of the flat headed screws 18, adapted to beadjusted in said recesses, it will be evident that the pattern of thefabric being woven may be readily changed by readjusting the positionsof the screws 18 in accordance with anew pattern,

and thus the necessity and expense of making new pattern deviceswhenever it is desired to change the design or pattern of a fabric, isobviated.

A step by step rotary movement is imparted to the pattern cylinder D, tobring the re-- cesses 17 formed therein into alignment with the pointsof the shifting needles 0 to be'successively engaged thereby. Mechanismfor of slots in the shifting needles 0 and lifting and depressingboardB. In .weaving a fabric the warps w are separated into series, eachofwhich contains one thread of each color used, and each series of warpthreads are passed through one space in the reed. Each of the warpthreads, however, is threaded through an eye 24 of the warp supportingcords or tail cords 25, 26,27, 28, and 29. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) Thesecords are elevated and lowered to open the shed upon both faces of thefabric by the action of the lifting and do: pressing boards in themanner described farther on. Upon the lower ends of each of the warpsupportin cords lingoes 30 are secured, as is usual. The warp supportingor tail cords 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 are secured at their upper ends torods 30 each of which is encircled by a spring 31, against the action ofwhich the rods 30 pulled down Whenever the warpsupporting cords arelowered. Each of the warp supporting cords extends vertically downwardfrom its rod 30 and is provided with knots or enlargements 32"and 33,normally located one above and one below the lifting and depressingboard B. These knots or enlargements are sufficiently small to permit oftheir easy passage through the enlargements 8', of the slots 13, 14, 15and 16, but are too large to pass through the narrower portions orbearings 8 of said slots. The'warp supporting cords 25, 26, 27, 28 and29 are de-v signed to be shifted into the slots 13, 14, 15, and 16through which they pass, by the action thereon of the reciprocatingneedles D, and it will be apparent that Whenever one of said cords isshifted into one of the narrower portions or bearings 8 of the slots 13,14, 15, and 16 it will be raised at the next elevation or lowering ofthe'lifting and depressing board B, by reason of the failure of theknots 32 and By the employment of a thickly recessed 33 passing throughthe saidlifting and depressing board. It will be noted that theconstruction of the shifting needles 0 and the slots 13, 14, 15, and 16in the lifting and depressing board is such that only one of each seriesofwarp supporting'cords 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 can be shifted at thesame time, into a narrow portion orbearing 8 of the'slots 13, 14, 15,and 16," the remaining four cords of the series passing through theenlarged portion'8, of said slots in order to permit the knots orenlargements 32 and 33 on said cords to passjthrough the lifting anddepressing board 13 at its next elevation or depression. From this itwill be seen that only one of each seriesof Warp supportingcords and itscorresponding warp thread can be elevated or lowered at one time, butdifferent cords of each duplicate series of the warp supporting cordsmay be elevated or lowered simultaneously. The warp supporting cords 25and 26 pass through the slots 20 in the shifting needles 0 at oppositeends thereof and through the slot 13 in the lifting and depressing boardB. The warp supporting cords 27 pass through the slots' 21' in theneedles 0, and through the slot14 in the lifting anddepressing board B,respectively. The warpsupporting cords 28 pass through the slots 22 inthe shifting needles 0 and thence through the slots 15 in the liftingand depressing board B; and the warp supporting cords ,29 pass throughthe slots 23 in the needles 0 andthrough the slot 16 in the lifting anddepressing board B. The relative arrangement of the Warp supportingcords 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29, the'shifting needles 0 and the liftingboard'B is best illustrated in Figs. 5 to 10 of thedrawings,

' As has already been stated, the positions of the warp supporting cords25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 in the slots 13,14, 15, and 16 of the liftinganddepressing board B,just previous to the elevation or lowering of saidboard,

too

determine which one of each duplicate series ively, and as'has alsobeenl previously stated,

the warps'upporting cords are shifted in the slots 13, 14, 15, and 16 bythe action therein of the shifting needles C, through the slots of whichthey pass. These shifting needles C are horizontally and independentlyreciprocated into engagement with the pattern cylinder D, whenever thelifting and depressing board B occupies its normal position and aresimultaneously withdrawn from engagement with the said pattern cylinderD, to permit the cylinder being rotated one step, just subsequent to thestartingof the lifting or depressingboard on its downward movement. Adescription of the mechanism whereby this is accomplished will presentlyappear.

When the points of the shifting needles C are flush with the outer faceof the pattern cylinder D, as shown in Fig. 5, by reason of the head ofthe screw 18 in the recess 17 being adjusted to align with the outerface of the pattern cylinder, the said needles occupy their normalpositions. When in this position the Warp supporting cords are movedinto the narrow portion or hearing, 8 of the slot 13 of the lifting anddepressing board B, in order that when the said board is next elevatedor depressed the cord 25 and the warp thread which it supports, will bemoved correspondingly.

' lVhen the shifting needles 0 are engaging the recesses 17 to theextent shown in Fig. 6, the warp supporting cords 26 will be moved intothe narrow portion orbearing S of the slot 13 of the lifting anddepressing board B, to the end that their knots or enlargements 32 or 33will engage the said board at its next elevation or depression and thecords be moved accordingly.

In Fig. 7 of the drawings, the shifting needles are permitted to passinto the recesses 17, by reason of the adjustment of the flat headedscrew 18, a greater distance than in the preceding figure, to the endthat the warp supporting cords 27 will be shifted into the narrowerportions or bearings, 8 of the slot 14, in order that said cords will beoperated at the next elevation or depression of the lifting anddepressing board B.

Fig. 8 illustrates the shifting needles as engaging a recess 17 ofgreater depth than that shown in Fig. 7, and when the needles are inthis position the warp supporting cords 28 are moved by said needlesinto the narrower portion or bearing 8 of the slot 15, previous to theirbeing elevated or lowered by the lifting and depressing board 13.

In Fig. 9 the shifting'needles are shown in engagement with a recess 17of the pattern device, of the greatest depth in consequence of which thewarp-supporting cords 29 are in engagement with the narrow portion orhearing 8 of the slot 16.

Various means for imparting a step by step rotary motion to the patterncylinder D, and for independently reciprocating the shifting needles 0into and simultaneously withdrawing them from engagement with thepattern cylinder, will suggest themselves to the skilled mechanic, but Iwill now describe those which in practice I have found the mosteffective.

The shifting needles 0 near their rear ends pass through a cross-headII, and are each provided with a collar 85, secured thereon intermediateof the cross-head H and the rear of the frame A. Each needle isencircled by a spring 36 interposed between the collar and the frame A,which spring tends to throw said needles into engagement with thepattern cylinder D. The cross-head II is guided in a slot 37 in oppositesides of the frame A, and is secured to horizontal arms 38 arranged oneach side of the frame and extending parallel therewith. The forwardends of the arms 38 are connected to the upper ends of vertical levers39, which are in turn pivoted at their lower ends to the frame A. Theselevers 39 are provided about midway of their lengths with studs ofprojections 40 (see Fig 12) which engage a groove 41 in a cam 42,secured upon the shaft 7. This cam is constructed so as to operate thecross-head H and permit the shifting needles 0 to engage the patterncylinder D only when the lifting and depressing board is in its normalposition. Secured upon the shaft of the pattern cylinder, near theopposite ends thereof, are ratchet wheels 51 and levers 52. These leversare journaled about centrally of their lengths upon the shaft 50, andeach carries a pawl 53, on its upper end, which engages the adjacentratchet wheel 51. The lower ends of the lever 52 are provided it withpins 54 which engage slots 55 in the ends of horizontal links 56. Theselinks are connected to the upper ends of vertical levers 57 which arepivoted at their lower ends to the frame A and are provided with studs58 which engage the groove 41 of the cam 42. It 'will be observed thatthe levers 39 and 57 through which the needles 0 and pattern cylinder Dare moved, are operated simultaneously by the cam 42. Now as theshifting needles 0 must first be withdrawn from engagement with saidpattern cylinder D before said cylinder can be rotated, the slots 55 inthe links 56 are engaged by pins 54 which normally rest in the forwardends of the slots 55 and consequently the links 56 are moved for a shortdistance before the levers 52 are moved. While the links are movingthrough this space, the needles are being withdrawn from engagement withthe pattern cylinder D by the devices described above.

As it may sometimes be desired to turn the pattern cylinder D backward Ihave provided mechanism for accomplishing this. This mechanism consistsof a ratchet wheel 60 journaled upon one end of the shaft 50 anddesigned to be rotated in an opposite direction to the ratchet wheels51, adjacent to one of which it is secured. A lever 61 is journaled uponand depends from the shaft 50 adjacent to the ratchet wheel 60. Thislever is provided with a pawl 62 which normally hangs out of engagementwith the ratchet wheel 60 and is designed to be drawn up into engagementwith it by means of a cord 63 passing over a pulley 64 and extendingdownward to a point within easy reach of the operator. At the same timethe pawl 62 is thrown into engagement with its ratchet wheel 60,- thepawls 53 are lifted from their ratchet wheels 51 by means of a branch 65of the cord 63, to allow the pattern cylinder to be turned back. (SeeFig. 1.)

The operation of the invention is as follows: Assuming the lifting anddepressing board 13 to be in its normal position and the shiftingneedles 0 in engagement with the pattern cylinder D (as shown in Fig. 1)thelifting board will be elevated, causing one of each series of warpsupporting cords 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 to be lifted. When these cordsare lifted, the warp threads to, which pass through the eyes 24:thereof, will be drawn upward (as shown in Fig.3) thereby opening theshed above the normal plane of the warps to permit a thread carrier orpile wire to be passed thereth rough. Simultaneously with the elevationof the lifting and depressing board B the shifting needles 0 arewithdrawn from engagement with the pattern cylinder D and said cylinderis rotated one step to bring a new series of recesses into alignmentwith the points of the shifting needles. The lifting and depressingboard B is then returned to its normal position and the shifting needles0 are permitted to engage the pattern cylinder D to shift the warpsupporting cords in accordance with the pattern on the lower face of thefabric. The board B is then lowered to open the shed below thenormal-plane of the warps and after a thread carrier or pile wire hasbeen passed therethro ugh the lifting and depressing board is returnedto its' normal position prior to bein g again elevated.

I do notwish to be understood as claiming broadly herein theconstruction of the shifting needles and lifting and depressing board,as the same forms the subject matter of a copending application filedJuly 19, 1894, Serial No, 518,047.

The advantages of the several parts of my improvements will beappreciated by those skilled in the artto which they pertain; and withinthe scope of my invention, as defined in the following claims,modifications may be made in the form, construction and position of theparts and some features of my invention may be used Without others,since What I claim is- 1. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, thecombination of suitable warp supporting devices, a lifting anddepressing board and means for moving the lifting and the depressingboard above and below its normal position respectively, substantially asdescribed.

2. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the shiftingneedles, pattern devices provided with recesses adapted to be engaged bythe shifting needles, means for positively withdrawing the shiftingneedles from engagement with the recesses of the pattern devices andadjusting devices within said recesses whereby the extent of theengagement of the recesses by the shiftingneedles is re ulated,substantially as described.

3. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of thewarp-supporting devices, a suitable lifting and depressing deviceadapted to move above and below its normal position, means for operatingthe lifting and depressing device and pattern controlled mechanism formoving the warp supporting devices into engagement with the lifting anddepressing device, substantially as described.

4. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of suitable liftingand depressing mechanism, warp supporting devices each provided withengaging portions arranged above and below the lifting and depressingmechanism and means for shifting the warp "supporting. devices intoengagement with the lifting and depressing mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

5. In Jacquard mechanism for loomsthe combination of the warp-supportingdevices, suitable lifting and depressing mechanism, means foralternately elevating and lowering the same from its normal position andpattern controlled devices adapted to shift the warp supporting devicesinto engagement with the lifting and depressing mechanism previous tothe elevation or depression thereof substantially as described.

6. A pattern device for forming two separate and distinct patterns, saidpattern device being provided with recesses arranged in transverseseries, each alternate series of recesses being formed in accordancewith one pattern While the intermediate series are formed in accordancewith the second pattern and adjusting devices within the recesses,substantially as described.

7. A pattern device provided with recesses and an adjusting device ineach recess whereby the extent to which said recesses may be engaged isregulated, substantially as described.

8. A pattern device provided with recesses, a screw within each'of saidrecesses the upper end'of said screw being of substantially the samediameter as the recesses, substantially as described. I

9. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the shiftingneedles, a pattern device provided with recesses adapted to be engagedby the shifting needles, and adj usting devices within the recesses ofthe pattern its normal position and for permitting it to and a patterndevice for controlling the shiftdwell atthe terminal of its upwardand-downing needles, substantially as described. wardmovement,substantially as described. In testimony whereof I have signedmy 11. In Jacquard mechanism for looms the name to this specification inthe presence of 5 combination of suitable Warp supporting detwosubscribing Witnesses.

vices, lifting and depressing mechanism adapted to move above and belowits normal \VILLIAH \VEAVER. position, the shifting needles for movingthe Witnesses: warp supporting devices into engagement PAUL W. STEVENS,

10 with the lifting and depressing mechanism FRANK T. HYATT.

